Sprains, pain, and whiplash: Waymo and Zoox test drivers are getting hurt as robotaxis scale

Test drivers for Waymo and Zoox reported more than two dozen injuries in 2024 and 2025 from hard braking or sudden movements by the autonomous vehicles, based on data submitted to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. The injuries included sprains and pain related to vehicle movements during testing operations. Both companies operate robotaxi fleets in multiple U.S. cities.

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